Dual-Interface Engineering in Perovskite Solar Cells with 2D Carbides

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Photovoltaics

Background:

• Interface passivation is critical for improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability in perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
• Existing methods often struggle to address both efficiency and long-term operational stability simultaneously.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a dual-interface engineering strategy for perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
• To enhance the performance and stability of FA_0.85 MA_0.15 Pb(I_0.95 Br_0.05 )₃ -based PSCs.
• To investigate the effects of MXene and nanographdiyne incorporation on PSC interfaces.

Main Methods:

• Incorporation of Ti₃ C₂ Cl_x Nano-MXene at the electron transport layer (ETL)/perovskite interface.
• Integration of o-TB-GDY nanographdiyne (NanoGDY) at the perovskite/hole transport layer (HTL) interface.
• Characterization of perovskite film properties, including carrier lifetime and crystal size.

Main Results:

• Dual-interface passivation suppressed non-radiative recombination and promoted carrier extraction via Pb-Cl bond formation and π-electron conjugation.
• Achieved an ultralong carrier lifetime (>10 μs) and enlarged crystal size (>2.5 μm) in the perovskite film.
• A maximum PCE of 24.86% with an open-circuit voltage of 1.20 V was realized.

Conclusions:

• The dual-interface engineering approach significantly enhances PCE and operational stability of PSCs.
• Unencapsulated cells maintained 92% efficiency after 1464 hours in ambient air and 80% after 1002 hours at 85°C.
• This strategy offers a promising pathway for developing highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.