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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

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Published on: May 7, 2014

Transdiagnostic indicators predict developmental changes in cognitive control resting-state networks.

Giorgia Picci^1,2,3, Nathan M Petro^1,2, Jake J Son^1,2,4

¹Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA.

Development and Psychopathology

|August 24, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood trauma exposure increases connectivity between cognitive control and default mode networks in youth. Dysregulation, however, reduces cognitive control network connectivity over time, predicting psychopathology risk.

Keywords:

brain development developmental psychopathology fMRI trauma

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Psychiatry

Background:

Transdiagnostic indicators offer insights into youth psychopathology risk.
Childhood trauma and dysregulation (anxiety, aggression, attention problems) elevate risk for psychopathology and altered neural functioning.
Resting-state fMRI studies link youth mental health symptoms to functional network aberrations, but longitudinal data are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the longitudinal impact of traumatic exposures and dysregulation on resting-state functional networks in youth.
To determine if these factors alter developmental trajectories of cognitive control networks (CCN) and default mode networks (DMN).

Main Methods:

A three-year longitudinal study involving 190 typically developing youth (91 females, mean age at T1 = 11.81).
Latent growth curve modeling was used to analyze resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.
Examined changes in connectivity within and between the CCN and DMN in relation to trauma exposure and AAA symptomology.

Main Results:

Greater trauma exposure predicted increased connectivity between the CCN and DMN over the three-year period.
Higher levels of dysregulation were associated with decreased within-network connectivity in the CCN.
These longitudinal findings in typically developing youth mirror patterns observed in clinical populations.

Conclusions:

Traumatic exposures and dysregulation significantly influence the developmental trajectories of neural networks implicated in psychopathology.
Transdiagnostic indicators possess predictive utility for identifying alterations in resting-state networks.
Findings support the use of neurobiological markers to forecast mental health trajectories in youth.