[Clinical evaluation of cefixime in children]
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Cefixime (CFIX), an oral antibiotic, demonstrated 95% efficacy in treating pediatric bacterial infections, particularly pneumonia. This beta-lactamase-stable cephem antibiotic is safe and effective for children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Beta-lactamase-producing bacteria pose a challenge in treating pediatric infections.
- Oral antibiotic options with proven efficacy and safety are crucial for pediatric care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of cefixime (CFIX) in children.
- To determine optimal dosing for pediatric bacterial infections.
Main Methods:
- Clinical evaluation of cefixime in pediatric patients with bacterial infections.
- Pharmacokinetic analysis including elimination rate (Kel), half-life (T 1/2), AUC, and volume of distribution (Vd/F).
- Assessment of urinary excretion rates.
Main Results:
- Cefixime showed 95% efficacy (19/20 cases) in pediatric bacterial infections.
- The drug was highly effective against pneumonia caused by beta-lactamase-producing H. influenzae and B. catarrhalis.
- Pharmacokinetic parameters (3 mg/kg premeal) included Kel 0.328 hr-1, T 1/2 2.14 hrs, AUC 10.9 microgram*hr/ml, Vd/F 1.64 L/kg. Urinary excretion was 5-17% over 12 hours.
Conclusions:
- Cefixime is a safe and effective oral antibiotic for treating bacterial infections in children.
- A dosage of 3 mg/kg twice daily appears adequate for regular treatment.
- Cefixime is a valuable therapeutic option for pediatric pneumonia, especially when caused by resistant bacteria.
Abstract:
A new beta-lactamase-stable oral cephem antibiotic, cefixime (CFIX), was evaluated for safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics in children. CFIX was effective in 19 of 20 cases (95%) with bacterial infections. The drug was especially effective against the cases of pneumonia due to beta-lactamase-producing H. influenzae or B. catarrhalis. Pharmacokinetic parameters of CFIX (3 mg/kg) with premeal administration were as follows: Kel 0.328 +/- 0.066 hr-1, T 1/2 2.14 +/- 0.36 hrs, AUC 10.9 +/- 8.7 micrograms X hr/ml, and Vd/F 1.64 +/- 1.42 L/kg. In most of the cases tested, the urinary excretion rate in 12 hours was 5 to 17%. A dose of 3 mg/kg twice daily seems to be adequate for a regular treatment.