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High-Altitude Exposure and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: An Updated Systematic Review
Sanjeev Kharel1, Suraj Shrestha1,2, Samriddha Raj Pant1,2
1Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
High Altitude Medicine & Biology
|August 24, 2023
Summary
High altitude exposure may increase the risk of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Individuals with risk factors like smoking or hypercoagulable states are more susceptible to CVT at high altitudes.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Altitude Medicine
- Neurology
Background:
- High altitude (HA) environments pose unique physiological challenges.
- Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but serious condition.
- Understanding CVT risk factors at HA is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Approach:
- Systematic literature review of studies on CVT at high altitudes.
- Searched databases including PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar.
- Included nine studies encompassing 75 cases of CVT at altitudes ranging from 3,000 to 8,848 meters.
Key Points:
- Headache and seizures were the most frequent clinical presentations of CVT at HA.
- Common risk factors identified include smoking, alcohol consumption, and oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use.
- Preexisting hypercoagulable states were also noted in association with HA-related CVT.
Conclusions:
- HA exposure can elevate the risk of CVT, particularly in individuals with pre-existing risk factors.
- Risk factors such as hypercoagulable states, smoking, drinking, and OCP use are significant.
- Prompt recognition and management of CVT are essential for improved patient outcomes in HA settings.
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