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Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry01:27

Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry

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Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture and the food industry, contributing to soil fertility, crop protection, and food production. Their functions range from nitrogen fixation and biopesticide production to fermentation and food preservation, making them indispensable to sustainable farming and food safety.Role in AgricultureNitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living), convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological nitrogen...
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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Assaying for Inorganic Polyphosphate in Bacteria
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Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria: Their agroecological function and optimistic application for enhancing

Yingying Cheng1, Mathiyazhagan Narayanan2, Xiaojun Shi1

  • 1College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.

The Science of the Total Environment
|August 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) enhance phosphorus availability in soil, boosting crop yields sustainably. This review details PSB mechanisms and applications for efficient agriculture.

Keywords:
PhosphatasesPhosphate-solubilizing bacteriaPhosphate-specific transport systemPyrroloquinoline quinoneRoot exudatesSeed inoculation

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Microbiology
  • Soil Science
  • Plant Nutrition

Background:

  • Phosphorus (P) is a critical limiting nutrient in agriculture.
  • Excessive chemical phosphorus fertilizer use leads to low efficiency and environmental issues.
  • Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) offer a sustainable alternative for improving phosphorus availability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the physicochemical and molecular mechanisms of PSB in facilitating the phosphorus cycle.
  • To elucidate the role of PSB in soil-microbe-plant interactions for high crop yield efficiency.
  • To discuss the commercial applications and future prospects of PSB in sustainable agriculture.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on PSB action mechanisms.
  • Analysis of physicochemical and molecular processes involved in phosphate solubilization and mineralization.
  • Exploration of PSB applications such as genetic engineering, seed priming, and coating.

Main Results:

  • PSB utilize mechanisms like organic acids, phosphatases, and specific transport systems to increase phosphorus availability.
  • Root exudates and extracellular polysaccharides play roles in PSB-mediated phosphorus cycling.
  • PSB enhance crop performance and nutrient acquisition efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are a significant biotechnological tool for enhancing agricultural productivity.
  • PSB contribute to sustainable agriculture by improving phosphorus use efficiency and reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers.
  • Further research and application of PSB hold great potential for future agricultural development.