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Synucleinopathies.

Guillaume Lamotte1, Wolfgang Singer2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|August 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alpha-synucleinopathies, including Parkinson disease, involve autonomic failure. Advances aid diagnosis and treatment, but research into mechanisms and therapies is crucial.

Keywords:
Autonomic failureLewy bodiesMultiple system atrophyParkinson diseaseSynucleinopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Alpha-synucleinopathies encompass a group of neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple system atrophy, and pure autonomic failure.
  • Autonomic dysfunction is a common and often early feature across these conditions, significantly impacting patient quality of life.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on the pathophysiology, genetics, epidemiology, and clinical/laboratory features distinguishing alpha-synucleinopathies.
  • It emphasizes the role of autonomic failure and discusses current symptomatic treatments and proposed multidisciplinary care models.

Key Points:

  • Significant progress has been made in diagnosing and managing motor and non-motor symptoms of alpha-synucleinopathies over the last two decades.
  • Autonomic failure is a unifying characteristic, necessitating focused diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Individualized, multidisciplinary care is recommended for optimal symptom management.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is urgently needed to understand disease mechanisms, identify biomarkers, and develop disease-modifying therapies for alpha-synucleinopathies.
  • Advancing symptomatic treatments for both motor and non-motor deficits remains a critical goal.
  • Investigating at-risk populations is essential for early detection and intervention.