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Related Concept Videos

Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

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Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for...
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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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The Beer-Lambert law describes the relationship between absorbance and concentration, which combines the principles established by scientists Johann Heinrich Lambert and August Beer. Lambert's law states that when light passes through a medium, the loss in intensity is directly proportional to the original intensity and the path length of the light. Beer's law proposed that the transmittance of a solution remains constant if the product of concentration and path length is constant. The...
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Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
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UV-Vis Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media
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Molecular Surface Quantification of Multifunctionalized Gold Nanoparticles Using UV-Visible Absorption Spectroscopy

Jordan C Potts1, Akhil Jain2, David B Amabilino3

  • 1Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.

Analytical Chemistry
|August 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantifying surface molecules on multifunctional gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is crucial for their applications. This study introduces a novel UV-Vis spectroscopy method to accurately measure bound cytochrome C and zinc porphyrin on AuNPs.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biochemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Multifunctional gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) show promise in sensing, imaging, drug delivery, and medicine.
  • Accurate quantification of surface-conjugated molecules is critical for determining the biological activity of AuNPs.
  • Existing methods lack precision for quantifying multiple surface-bound molecules on multifunctional AuNPs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a precise method for quantifying surface-conjugated molecules on multifunctional AuNPs.
  • To determine the concentration and number of cytochrome C (Cyt C) and zinc porphyrin (Zn Porph) bound to individual AuNPs.
  • To assess the presence of unconjugated molecules for sample purification guidance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized deconvolution and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm fitting of UV-visible absorption spectra.
  • Employed dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements for functionalization confirmation.
  • Used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) alongside spectroscopy and DLS to verify AuNP size and prevent aggregation.

Main Results:

  • Successfully quantified precise concentrations of Cyt C and Zn Porph bound to AuNPs, despite overlapping absorption bands.
  • Determined the number of Cyt C and Zn Porph molecules attached per AuNP.
  • Identified unconjugated molecules, indicating potential need for enhanced purification.

Conclusions:

  • The developed UV-Vis spectral deconvolution method offers accurate quantification of surface-bound molecules on multifunctional AuNPs.
  • This technique provides valuable insights for optimizing AuNP-based drug delivery systems and biosensors.
  • The method is simple, effective, and aids in assessing sample purity for AuNP functionalization.