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The Relationship Between Muscular Strength, Jump Power, and Bone Health in Collegiate Distance Runners
Daisy E Huerta1, Jared M Norris2, William P McCormack2
1Department of Biology, Loyola Marymount University.
International Journal of Exercise Science
|August 25, 2023
Summary
Impact loading sports enhance bone mineral content and density. For male athletes, greater grip strength correlates with higher bone density. For female athletes, jump power is linked to increased bone mineral content and density.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Bone Physiology
- Musculoskeletal Health
Background:
- Impact loading sports are known to improve bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD).
- These sports may also enhance the relationship between muscular strength/power and bone health.
- Understanding these relationships is crucial for optimizing training and injury prevention in athletes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the associations between muscular performance measures and bone variables in NCAA Division I endurance athletes.
- To differentiate these relationships based on sex.
- To quantify the variance in bone variables explained by strength and power.
Main Methods:
- Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to assess BMC and BMD at multiple skeletal sites.
- Measures of muscular performance included grip strength (GS) and lower body power (LBP) from vertical jump.
- Pearson correlations and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were employed.
Main Results:
- Male endurance athletes exhibited strong correlations between grip strength (absolute and relative) and various bone variables.
- Female endurance athletes showed significant relationships between lower body power and numerous bone variables.
- Sex, grip strength, and lower body power collectively explained a substantial portion of the variance in BMC (41-76%) and BMD (12-30%).
Conclusions:
- In male collegiate athletes, enhanced muscular strength is associated with superior bone mineral content and density.
- In female collegiate distance runners, higher lower body power is linked to greater bone mineral content and density.
- These findings highlight sex-specific relationships between muscular performance and bone health in endurance athletes.
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