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Progress in Research on Stem Cells in Neonatal Refractory Diseases

Fangjun Huang1,2, Yang He1,2, Meng Zhang1,2

  • 1Department of Neonatology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|August 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Stem cell therapy shows promise for treating severe neonatal diseases in premature infants. This review explores stem cells and their exosomes for conditions like hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, offering new therapeutic insights.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Medical advancements increase survival rates of premature infants, leading to a rise in serious neonatal diseases.
  • Conditions such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and necrotizing enterocolitis have poor prognoses with current treatments.
  • Stem cells possess self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, offering therapeutic potential through anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and regenerative mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current research on stem cell and exosome therapy for refractory neonatal diseases.
  • To provide insights into the potential of stem cell-based treatments for neonatal conditions.
  • To discuss existing challenges and future perspectives in stem cell therapy for neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on stem cells and exosomes in neonatal diseases.
  • Analysis of stem cell mechanisms including paracrine effects, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties.
  • Examination of research progress in applying stem cell therapy to neonatal refractory diseases.

Main Results:

  • Stem cells and their derived exosomes exhibit therapeutic potential via anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and regenerative effects.
  • Paracrine actions of stem cells can modulate the microenvironment, influencing cellular behavior.
  • Research indicates stem cell therapy could offer novel treatment avenues for severe neonatal conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell therapy, including the use of exosomes, presents a promising frontier for managing severe neonatal diseases.
  • Further research and clinical trials are needed to overcome challenges and realize the full potential of stem cell treatments in neonatology.
  • This review highlights the need for continued investigation into stem cell mechanisms and applications for improved neonatal outcomes.

Keywords:
bronchopulmonary dysplasiacerebral intraventricular hemorrhagehypoxia–ischemianecrotizing enterocolitisretinopathy of prematuritystem cells

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