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Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance
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Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto Antifungal Resistance Mechanisms and Associated Epidemiology

Iacopo Franconi1, Cosmeri Rizzato1, Noemi Poma2

  • 1Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno, 37, 56127 Pisa, Italy.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Antifungal resistance is a growing public health threat, particularly from non-albicans Candida species like Candida parapsilosis. This review examines resistance mechanisms and their global spread.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Fungal infections cause millions of deaths globally.
  • Antifungal resistance is a significant public health concern.
  • Non-albicans Candida species, especially Candida parapsilosis, are increasingly prevalent causes of candidemia worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review known antifungal resistance mechanisms.
  • To assess the global distribution of these mechanisms in Candida infections.
  • To focus specifically on Candida parapsilosis resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of antifungal resistance mechanisms.
  • Analysis of global distribution data for Candida species.
  • Inclusion of in vitro susceptibility testing data, including tolerance and heteroresistance.

Main Results:

  • Candida parapsilosis is a leading cause of candidemia in multiple regions.
  • Acquired azole resistance rates are reaching concerning levels.
  • Emerging resistance necessitates exploration of tolerance and heteroresistance.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding resistance mechanisms in Candida species is crucial.
  • Candida parapsilosis poses a significant challenge due to rising resistance.
  • Continued surveillance and research into antifungal resistance are essential.
Keywords:
Candida parapsilosisantifungal resistanceantifungal susceptibility testsantifungal toleranceepidemiology of antifungal resistanceheteroresistance

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