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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

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Multicomponent Covalent Organic Framework Solid Electrolyte Allowing Effective Li-Ion Dissociation and Diffusion for

Jun-Hyeong Lee1, Hajin Lee2, Jaewoo Lee1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.

ACS Nano
|August 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A novel organic solid electrolyte, diethylene glycol-modified pyridinium covalent organic framework (DEG-PMCOF), enhances safety and performance in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) by improving ion transport and stability.

Keywords:
all-solid-state lithium metal batteryand organic solid electrolytecovalent organic frameworkdendrite-freemulticomponent ionic conductor

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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Organic solid electrolytes are crucial for safe, high-energy all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs).
  • Challenges include facile ion dissociation and efficient ionic transport in these electrolytes.
  • Developing advanced materials is key to overcoming limitations in current LMB technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel multicomponent solid electrolyte for all-solid-state LMBs.
  • To enhance Li-ion dissociation and transport properties.
  • To investigate the structural and electrochemical performance of the new material.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a diethylene glycol-modified pyridinium covalent organic framework (DEG-PMCOF).
  • Characterization of ionic conductivity, Li-ion transfer number, and electrochemical stability window.
  • Utilizing molecular dynamics and density functional theory simulations for mechanistic insights.
  • Assembly and testing of all-solid-state LMBs with the DEG-PMCOF electrolyte.

Main Results:

  • DEG-PMCOF exhibits high ion conductivity (1.71 × 10-4 S cm-1) and a Li-ion transfer number of 0.61 at room temperature.
  • The material effectively suppresses lithium dendrite formation and dead lithium.
  • Simulations reveal enhanced Li-ion transport mechanisms within the DEG-PMCOF structure.
  • All-solid-state LMBs demonstrated high specific capacity retention (99%) and Coulombic efficiency (99%) during long-term cycling.

Conclusions:

  • The DEG-PMCOF approach provides an effective strategy for designing advanced solid-state electrolytes.
  • This material significantly improves the safety and long-term cycling performance of all-solid-state LMBs.
  • The findings offer a promising pathway for next-generation lithium battery technologies.