Equine Gunshot Euthanasia: Creation of a 3D-Printed Model with Integrated Sensors for Training

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Animal Welfare
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Pentobarbital euthanasia faces environmental and public health challenges in the US.
• Gunshot euthanasia is an AVMA-accepted alternative for horses, but aiming accuracy remains a welfare concern.
• Inadequate brain disruption from gunshots can compromise humane euthanasia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and produce a portable, reusable training model for equine gunshot euthanasia.
• To improve the accuracy of gunshot aiming for humane horse euthanasia.
• To provide immediate feedback on aiming accuracy for veterinary personnel and first responders.

Main Methods:

• Utilized 3D printing to create an anatomically accurate equine head model.
• Integrated laser sensors in the pons and medulla with aiming paths linked to external landmarks.
• Incorporated LED eyes connected to sensors for instant visual and audible feedback on shot accuracy.

Main Results:

• The model accurately simulates aiming paths for gunshot euthanasia.
• Laser sensors and LED eyes provide immediate, real-time feedback on shot placement.
• Successful targeting deactivates the model's LED eyes and triggers an audible signal.

Conclusions:

• The developed training model effectively facilitates learning correct aiming techniques for equine gunshot euthanasia.
• Instantaneous feedback improves the likelihood of achieving immediate, humane death in live animals.
• This tool enhances training for veterinary professionals and first responders, promoting better animal welfare.