Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter
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Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter

Published on: May 29, 2019

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Oxidative DNA Damage and Repair: Mechanisms, Mutations, and Relation to Diseases

Marina Roginskaya1, Yuriy Razskazovskiy2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Oxidative DNA damage (ODD) is a consequence of cellular energy production using oxidation. This study explores the unavoidable damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS).

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Respiration

Background:

  • Cellular respiration, essential for energy production, inevitably generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS).
  • These reactive species cause oxidative DNA damage (ODD), a significant factor in cellular aging and disease.
  • Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of ODD is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies.

Discussion:

  • The inherent link between energy metabolism and oxidative stress highlights a fundamental biological tradeoff.
  • Investigating the repair mechanisms for ODD is vital for maintaining genomic stability.
  • Exploring the role of ODD in age-related diseases and cancer pathogenesis.

Key Insights:

  • Oxidative DNA damage (ODD) is an unavoidable byproduct of cellular energy generation via oxidation.
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are the primary culprits behind ODD.
  • The balance between ODD formation and repair is critical for cellular health.

Outlook:

  • Future research should focus on novel therapeutic interventions to mitigate ODD.
  • Developing strategies to enhance DNA repair pathways could combat aging and disease.
  • Further exploration into the precise molecular mechanisms of ROS/RNS-induced damage is warranted.

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