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Differential Protein Expression Patterns of HOXA13 and HOXB13 Are Associated with Bladder Cancer Progression
Fee-Wai Chin1, Huzlinda Hussin2, De-Ming Chau1
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2023
Summary
Homeobox A13 (HOXA13) high expression correlates with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, while low Homeobox B13 (HOXB13) expression links to muscle-invasive types, suggesting roles in bladder cancer development.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Bladder cancer exhibits a high recurrence rate, necessitating novel biomarkers.
- Homeobox genes, including HOXA13 and HOXB13, are implicated in various cancers.
- Understanding their expression patterns in bladder cancer is crucial for diagnosis and prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To profile and characterize the protein expression of HOXA13 and HOXB13 in Malaysian bladder cancer patients.
- To investigate the association between HOXA13/HOXB13 protein expression and clinicopathological features.
- To explore the potential roles of HOXA13 and HOXB13 in bladder tumorigenesis.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) bladder cancer tissues.
- Chi-square analysis to assess associations with demographic and clinicopathological characteristics.
Main Results:
- High HOXA13 expression was found in 63.6% of tissues and associated with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, lower tumor grade, lymph node metastases, and recurrence risk.
- Low HOXB13 expression (including negative) was observed in 71.6% of tissues and linked to muscle-invasive bladder cancer, higher tumor stage, grade, and metastatic risk.
Conclusions:
- HOXA13 and HOXB13 protein expression are significantly associated with bladder cancer characteristics and tumorigenesis.
- HOXA13 may act as an oncogene, while HOXB13 may function as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer.
- These homeobox genes show potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for bladder cancer.
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