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Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats
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Time- and Gender-Dependent Alterations in Mice during the Aging Process.

Jing Jin1, Xiaoquan Yang1,2, Hui Gong1,2

  • 1Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Aging affects organs differently based on sex. This study reveals distinct age-related changes in male and female mouse kidneys and adrenal glands, highlighting the importance of gender in aging research and personalized medicine.

Keywords:
C57adrenal glandagingdistribution and productiongender factorkidneyp21

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Last Updated: Jul 18, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Aging impacts disease resistance, with potential gender-specific variations.
  • Age-related changes in internal organs (viscera) and their gender differences are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential gender differences in age-related alterations of spleens, kidneys, and adrenal glands.
  • To evaluate the impact of natural aging on these organs across different age groups in mice.

Main Methods:

  • Immunofluorescence staining to detect specific protein localization (p21).
  • Histological analysis to examine tissue structure and cellular changes (fat vacuoles).
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify hormone levels (epinephrine).

Main Results:

  • Male mice showed concentrated male-specific p21 proteins in kidney tubule cells.
  • Increased fat vacuoles were observed in the kidneys of aging male mice.
  • Female mice maintained adrenal cortex globular zone width with age, unlike males who showed a reduction.
  • Adrenal epinephrine content declined more significantly in aged males compared to females.

Conclusions:

  • Significant age-dependent physiological differences exist between male and female mice.
  • Gender is a critical factor influencing age-related organ changes.
  • Consideration of gender is essential for developing personalized clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.