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The Intestinal Microbiome after Traumatic Injury
Jennifer A Munley1, Stacey L Kirkpatrick1, Gwendolyn S Gillies1
1Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Microorganisms
|August 26, 2023
Summary
Traumatic injury disrupts the gut microbiome, leading to immune dysfunction. This review explores post-injury microbiome changes, their mechanisms, and potential therapies like fecal transplantation for recovery.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- The intestinal microbiome is vital for immune function and host homeostasis.
- Traumatic injuries can lead to immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation.
- Studies show trauma alters gut microbiome diversity and composition, creating a pathobiome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review gut microbiome alterations following traumatic injury.
- To explore proposed mechanisms driving these changes.
- To discuss future research directions and therapeutic interventions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on traumatic injury and the gut microbiome.
- Analysis of research investigating immune function and inflammation post-trauma.
- Examination of sex as a biological variable in microbiome alterations.
Main Results:
- Traumatic injury induces significant changes in gut microbiome diversity and composition.
- A shift towards a pathobiome state is observed after injury.
- Sex influences the specific alterations in the microbiome post-trauma.
Conclusions:
- Gut microbiome dysbiosis is a key consequence of traumatic injury.
- Understanding these changes is crucial for developing effective recovery strategies.
- Therapeutics like fecal transplantation show promise for mitigating microbiome damage and improving outcomes.
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