Stabilization of Beeswax-In-Water Dispersions Using Anionic Cellulose Nanofibers and Their Application in Paper...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biomaterials Engineering
• Sustainable Packaging

Background:

• Beeswax is a renewable, edible material suitable for paper-based food packaging.
• Dispersing beeswax in water for coatings is challenging due to its hydrophobic nature.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a stable beeswax-in-water emulsion for paper coating applications.
• To enhance the barrier properties of paper packaging using bio-based materials.

Main Methods:

• Stabilization of beeswax emulsions using oxidized cellulose nanofibers and glycerol.
• Characterization of emulsion stability, rheological properties, and paper coating performance.
• Evaluation of barrier properties against water, water vapor, grease, and airflow.

Main Results:

• Stable beeswax emulsions were achieved with specific concentrations of cellulose nanofibers (0.6-0.9 wt%) and glycerol.
• The nanocellulose-glycerol system provided essential rheological hindrance and prevented aggregation.
• Coated paper showed enhanced barrier properties: contact angle 96° (water), <100 g m⁻² d⁻¹ (water vapor), Kit rating 5 (grease), >1400 Gurley s (airflow).

Conclusions:

• Cellulose nanofibers and glycerol synergistically stabilize beeswax emulsions for paper coating.
• The bio-based coating significantly improves paper's resistance to moisture, grease, and air.
• This approach represents a promising step towards replacing synthetic waxes and plastic laminates in food packaging.