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Histone Modification of Colorectal Cancer by Natural Products
Zijun Geng1, Meiqi Chen1, Qixuan Yu1
1School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
Abstract:
Natural products play important roles in the pathogenesis of many human malignancies, including colorectal cancer, and can act as a gene regulator in many cancers. They regulate malignant cell growth through many cellular signal pathways, including Rac family small GTPase 1 (RAC1)/PI3K/AKT (α-serine/threonine-protein kinase), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Wnt/β-catenin pathway, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), the Notch pathway, Hippo pathway, and Hedgehog pathway. In this review, we describe the epigenetic roles of several natural products, e.g., platycodin D (PD), ginsenoside Rd, tretinoin, Rutin, curcumin, clove extract, betulinic acid, resveratrol, and curcumin, in colorectal cancer, including their impact on colorectal cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and anti-chemotherapeutic resistance. The aim is to illustrate the epigenetic mechanisms of action of natural products in cancer prevention and treatment, and to provide (1) a theoretical basis for the study of the role of epigenetics in influencing colorectal cancer; (2) new directions for studying the occurrence, development, and prognosis of colorectal cancer; and (3) new targets for treating and preventing colorectal cancer.
Insights
Natural products regulate colorectal cancer by targeting epigenetic mechanisms. This review explores how compounds like curcumin and resveratrol impact cancer cell growth, apoptosis, and resistance to chemotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Natural Products Chemistry
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Natural products are crucial in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis and act as gene regulators.
- They influence CRC cell growth via multiple signaling pathways, including RAC1/PI3K/AKT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β, JAK-STAT, NF-κB, Notch, Hippo, and Hedgehog.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epigenetic roles of natural products in colorectal cancer.
- To elucidate their impact on CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance.
- To provide a basis for understanding epigenetics in CRC and identify new therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on natural products and their epigenetic mechanisms in colorectal cancer.
- Analysis of signaling pathways modulated by natural products in cancer.
- Examination of the effects of specific compounds like platycodin D, ginsenoside Rd, and curcumin on CRC progression.
Main Results:
- Natural products exert epigenetic effects on colorectal cancer cells.
- Compounds influence key cancer hallmarks, including proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration.
- Natural products show potential in overcoming anti-chemotherapeutic resistance.
Conclusions:
- Natural products offer promising epigenetic strategies for colorectal cancer prevention and treatment.
- Understanding these mechanisms can lead to novel therapeutic targets and improved CRC management.
- Further research into natural product epigenetics is vital for advancing CRC therapy.
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