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Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

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Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Real-Time Impedance-based Cell Analyzer as a Tool to Delineate Molecular Pathways Involved in Neurotoxicity and Neuroprotection in a Neuronal Cell Line
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Chemotherapy-Mediated Neuronal Aberration.

Pradip Kumar Jaiswara1, Surendra Kumar Shukla1

  • 1Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Science Centre, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemotherapy causes neurotoxicity, leading to chemobrain (cognitive dysfunction), by inducing inflammation. Herbal remedies may mitigate this neuronal damage and improve cancer patient quality of life.

Keywords:
chemotherapycytokinesinflammationneuronal aberrationtoxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy is a vital cancer treatment but causes significant side effects, impacting patient quality of life.
  • Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity, termed chemobrain, manifests as cognitive and memory deficits.
  • Inflammation plays a key role in chemotherapy's detrimental effects on neurons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of chemotherapy-induced inflammation in chemobrain.
  • To examine the impact of chemobrain on therapeutic outcomes and quality of life.
  • To explore potential herbal remedies for mitigating chemotherapy's neurotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on chemotherapy, neuroinflammation, and chemobrain.
  • Analysis of mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced neuronal damage and inflammation.
  • Evaluation of research on herbal interventions for neuroprotection.

Main Results:

  • Chemotherapy damages neuronal DNA and antioxidant systems, triggering inflammation via cytokines like NF-kB, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.
  • This inflammation contributes to chemobrain, affecting cognitive functions and patient well-being.
  • Herbal remedies show promise in counteracting chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Chemotherapy-induced inflammation is a significant factor in chemobrain development.
  • Addressing neuroinflammation is crucial for improving cancer treatment efficacy and patient quality of life.
  • Herbal-based approaches warrant further investigation for managing chemotherapy side effects.