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The Value of Microbes in Cancer Neoantigen Immunotherapy

Junrui Tian1,2,3, Jian Ma1,2,3

  • 1NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.

Pharmaceutics
|August 26, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Microbes are crucial in cancer immunotherapy by enhancing tumor neoantigen recognition and T cell activation. This review highlights their role in vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Tumor neoantigens are key targets in cancer immunotherapy.
  • Microbes interact extensively with the human immune system.
  • The microbiota influences immune responses relevant to cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the role of microbes in neoantigen-based cancer immunotherapy.
  • To explore the mechanisms by which microbes modulate anti-tumor immunity.
  • To discuss current and potential applications of microbes in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on microbes, neoantigens, and cancer immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of research on molecular mimicry between microbes and neoantigens.
  • Examination of microbial applications in cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Main Results:

  • Microbes modulate immune system activity and activate neoantigen-reactive T cells.
  • Molecular mimicry enables cross-reactivity between microbial and tumor neoantigens.
  • Microbes are increasingly utilized in cancer vaccine development and immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Microbes play a significant and multifaceted role in enhancing cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
  • Understanding microbial-host interactions is vital for advancing neoantigen-targeted therapies.
  • Future research should further elucidate microbial contributions to anti-tumor immunity.
Keywords:
cancer immunotherapycancer vaccinesimmune checkpoint inhibitorsmicrobestumor neoantigen

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