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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Self-oscillating machines leverage external energy for autonomous motion.
  • Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) offer unique thermally responsive properties for self-oscillation.
  • Synchronization and clustering are key areas in coupled dynamic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and analyze a coupling and synchronization model for two spring-connected LCE self-oscillators.
  • To theoretically elucidate the self-oscillation and synchronization mechanisms in this coupled system.
  • To investigate the influence of system parameters on synchronization modes and dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a dynamic model of a thermally responsive LCE spring self-oscillator.
  • Constructed a theoretical coupling and synchronization model for two connected oscillators.
  • Analyzed system dynamics through phase diagrams and parameter variation.

Main Results:

  • The coupled system exhibits two distinct synchronization modes: in-phase and anti-phase.
  • Synchronization modes are controllable by adjusting initial conditions and system parameters.
  • Stronger interactions favor in-phase synchronization, while weak interactions allow both modes.
  • LCE elastic and spring elastic coefficients influence oscillation amplitudes and frequencies.

Conclusions:

  • The driving force of the oscillators compensates for damping, sustaining self-oscillation.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for applications in energy harvesting, robotics, and micro/nanodevices.
  • This research provides insights into controlling coupled oscillator behavior for advanced technological applications.