Hyaluronic Acid-Extraction Methods, Sources and Applications.

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry and Materials Science
• Focuses on glycosaminoglycans and their industrial applications.

Background:

• Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a vital glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in connective tissues, crucial for hydration and extracellular matrix structure.
• HA is an anionic, linear polysaccharide found extensively in soft connective tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and compile existing literature on hyaluronic acid (HA) extraction techniques and applications.
• To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various HA extraction methods, including novel approaches.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of articles databases on HA extraction and applications.
• Analysis of chemical, enzymatic, and combined extraction methods.
• Inclusion of studies on HA's role in food, biomaterials, medical research, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

Main Results:

• Detailed comparison of different HA extraction methods, highlighting their pros and cons.
• Exploration of HA's extensive applications across various industries, including oral supplementation and transdermal drug delivery.
• Discussion of HA's skin penetration routes and the role of nanocarriers in enhancing percutaneous absorption.

Conclusions:

• Hyaluronic acid (HA) possesses versatile extraction methods and broad applicability in food, medicine, and cosmetics.
• Future trends indicate significant potential for HA in advanced applications, particularly in drug delivery systems.
• Understanding HA's properties and delivery mechanisms is key to optimizing its benefits in various products.