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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
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Label-Free DNA Detection Using Etched Tilted Bragg Fiber Grating-Based Biosensor.

Abdullah Al Noman1, Jitendra Narayan Dash2, Md Abdullah Al Maruf3

  • 1Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Photonics Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Rd, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel fiber optic biosensor using an etched tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) for label-free DNA detection. The developed biosensor demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for complementary DNA (cDNA) detection.

Keywords:
DNAbiosensoretchingoptical fiber sensortilted fiber Bragg grating

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Biotechnology
  • Nanomaterials

Background:

  • Fiber optic biosensors offer label-free detection capabilities.
  • Tilted Fiber Bragg Gratings (TFBGs) are sensitive optical structures for biosensing applications.
  • DNA hybridization detection is crucial for diagnostics and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a label-free fiber optic biosensor.
  • To utilize an etched TFBG functionalized with DNA probes for sensitive detection.
  • To evaluate the sensor's sensitivity, detection limit, reproducibility, and specificity.

Main Methods:

  • Inscribing a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) using a phase mask.
  • Etching the TFBG with hydrofluoric acid.
  • Depositing a polyethylenimine (PEI)/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) composite layer.
  • Immobilizing probe DNA (pDNA) onto the functionalized TFBG.
  • Monitoring DNA hybridization via wavelength-dependent interrogation.

Main Results:

  • The fabricated biosensor demonstrated label-free detection of complementary DNA (cDNA).
  • Reproducibility was confirmed across three identical probes.
  • A maximum sensitivity of 320 pm/μM was achieved.
  • The limit of detection was determined to be 0.65 μM.
  • High specificity was observed against non-target DNA sequences.

Conclusions:

  • The etched TFBG-based fiber optic biosensor is a viable platform for label-free DNA detection.
  • The sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity, a low detection limit, and high specificity.
  • This technology holds potential for various diagnostic and research applications.