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Automatic Tree Height Measurement Based on Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Using Smartphone.

Yulin Shen¹, Ruwei Huang¹, Bei Hua¹

¹School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 26, 2023

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A new smartphone app uses 3D reconstruction to accurately measure tree height. This automated method simplifies forest inventory by avoiding complex calibration, achieving a 3.20% average error.

Area of Science:

Forestry Science
Computer Vision
Remote Sensing

Background:

Tree height is vital for forest inventory, stock volume, and growth assessment.
Smartphone-based close-range photogrammetry offers low-cost, non-destructive measurement but has operational limitations.
Existing methods require specific camera angles, distances, and pre-shooting calibration, posing challenges in natural environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an automated and efficient tree height measurement method using smartphone-based 3D reconstruction.
To overcome the operational inconveniences of traditional photogrammetry in complex forest settings.
To achieve accurate tree height measurements suitable for forest surveys.

Main Methods:

Absolute depth maps were generated using ARCore and MidasNet.

Keywords:

depth estimation depth learning feature fusion image segmentation smartphone three-dimensional reconstruction tree height measurement

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An improved Attention-UNet model incorporated depth maps to generate precise tree masks.

Color images and depth maps were fused for 3D point cloud generation, followed by tree point cloud extraction.

Tree height was determined by analyzing the axis-aligned bounding box of the extracted tree point cloud.

Main Results:

The developed method was integrated into an efficient and automated Android application.
The approach demonstrated high accuracy, achieving an average relative error of 3.20%.
Accurate measurements were obtained within a practical shooting distance range of 2 to 17 meters.

Conclusions:

The proposed 3D reconstruction method offers a practical and automated solution for tree height measurement.
The method meets the accuracy requirements for forest surveys, enhancing efficiency and reducing operational complexity.
Smartphone-based 3D reconstruction presents a viable alternative to traditional forest inventory techniques.