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Current ARTs, Virologic Failure, and Implications for AIDS Management: A Systematic Review
Frank Eric Tatsing Foka1, Hazel Tumelo Mufhandu1
1Department of Microbiology, Virology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng, Private Bag, Mmabatho X2046, South Africa.
Viruses
|August 26, 2023
Summary
Antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) have improved HIV management, but virologic failure persists. Addressing this requires comprehensive strategies including adherence support, monitoring, and tailored drug regimens.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) management.
- Virologic failure, characterized by persistent detectable viral load despite ART, remains a significant challenge in long-term HIV care.
Approach:
- Investigating factors contributing to virologic failure, including adherence, drug resistance, and pharmacokinetics.
- Exploring strategies for preventing and managing virologic failure, focusing on patient-centered care and optimized treatment regimens.
Key Points:
- Virologic failure can stem from poor adherence, drug resistance, suboptimal drug levels, interactions, and viral evolution.
- Early detection through viral load and resistance testing is crucial for timely ART regimen adjustments.
- Novel antiretroviral agents offer improved options but require appropriate management to prevent failure.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing long-term HIV management necessitates a multifaceted approach to combat virologic failure.
- Individualized patient care, rigorous monitoring, and access to diverse ART options are essential for sustained viral suppression.
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