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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Anatomy of the Ear01:16

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
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Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
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Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

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The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
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Cryosectioning and Immunostaining Mouse Inner Ear Tissue: From Embryonic to Adult Stages
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Cryosectioning and Immunostaining Mouse Inner Ear Tissue: From Embryonic to Adult Stages

Published on: April 11, 2025

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Functional hearing loss and developmental imbalances.

Muneharu Yamazaki1, Tetsuaki Kawase1, Naomi Hino-Fukuyo2

  • 1Division of Otolaryngology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|August 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional hearing loss (FHL) in children may stem from developmental imbalances. Early intervention and multidisciplinary support are crucial for improving hearing outcomes in pediatric patients.

Keywords:
Developmental imbalanceFunctional hearing lossWISC-IV

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Audiology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Psychiatry

Background:

  • Functional hearing loss (FHL) presents abnormal hearing test results without organic auditory pathway abnormalities.
  • Understanding FHL's developmental aspects is key to effective intervention in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the developmental characteristics of FHL in children.
  • To assess the impact of interventions on FHL outcomes.
  • To analyze clinical profiles of children with FHL.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 16 pediatric patients diagnosed with FHL.
  • Interventions included psychological counseling.
  • Comparison of clinical profiles between improved/normalized and unimproved hearing groups.

Main Results:

  • Developmental imbalances, indicated by WISC-IV score discrepancies, were noted in 12 children.
  • A larger verbal comprehension index (VCI) and perceptual reasoning index (PRI) discrepancy correlated with poorer outcomes.
  • Six out of 16 patients showed improved or normalized hearing post-intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental imbalances are suspected in pediatric FHL cases.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration involving pediatricians, psychiatrists, and health professionals is vital for FHL patient support.