Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

333
Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
333
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

2.9K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
2.9K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

2.5K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
2.5K
Thermodynamic Potentials01:26

Thermodynamic Potentials

874
Thermodynamic potentials are state functions that are extremely useful in analyzing a thermodynamic system. They have dimensions of energy. The four important thermodynamic potentials are internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy. These thermodynamic potentials can be expressed using two of the following variables: pressure, volume, temperature, and entropy. These two variables are expressed as the rate of change of the thermodynamic potential with respect to other...
874
Diversity of Archaea IV01:29

Diversity of Archaea IV

51
Hyperthermophilic archaea are a group of extremophiles thriving at temperatures above 80°C, often in hydrothermal vents and volcanic soils where conditions surpass the boiling point of water. At such temperatures, proteins, membranes, and DNA in most organisms degrade, but hyperthermophiles have evolved remarkable adaptations to maintain stability and function.Unique Cellular FeaturesHyperthermophilic membranes are composed of a monolayer of biphytanyl tetraether lipids, which resist...
51
Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

19.0K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
19.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The application of a fluctuating charge model to boron nitride/carbon composite two-dimensional networks.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2026
Same author

Quantifying local point-group-symmetry order in complex particle systems.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

The application of a fluctuating charge model for boron nitride networks.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Formation Mechanism of BN Flakes on MWCNTs.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Structural effects of the insertion of large rings in two-dimensional networks.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Diffusion in Molten Sodium Carbonate.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2025

X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050
11:27

X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050

Published on: May 13, 2020

4.0K

Thermodynamic anomalies, polyamorphism and all that.

Domagoj Fijan1, Mark Wilson1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|August 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study explores thermodynamic anomalies in covalent and ionic systems, finding they correlate with multiple amorphous states (polyamorphism). Understanding these anomalies is key for materials science. Keywords: thermodynamic anomalies, polyamorphism, materials science.

Keywords:
phase diagramspolymorphismthermodynamics

More Related Videos

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
05:51

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

6.3K
Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2025

X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050
11:27

X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050

Published on: May 13, 2020

4.0K
Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
05:51

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

6.3K
Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Thermodynamic anomalies, such as unusual density behavior, are observed in various materials.
  • These anomalies influence properties like compressibility and heat capacity.
  • Understanding their origin is crucial for designing novel materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence and evolution of thermodynamic anomalies in systems dominated by covalent and ionic interactions.
  • To explore the relationship between these anomalies and polyamorphism.
  • To rationalize anomaly interactions using thermodynamic principles.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic variation of key model parameters to track anomalies across phase space.
  • Modeling of systems with covalent and ionic interactions.
  • Analysis of thermodynamic variables including density, compressibility, and heat capacity.

Main Results:

  • Thermodynamic anomalies were observed and tracked across phase space for both covalent and ionic systems.
  • The interaction of anomalies could often be explained by thermodynamic 'rules'.
  • The emergence of anomalies was correlated with the appearance of polyamorphism (multiple amorphous states).

Conclusions:

  • Thermodynamic anomalies and polyamorphism are linked phenomena in the studied systems.
  • Systematic modeling provides insights into the fundamental behavior of challenging materials.
  • This work contributes to understanding the complex interplay of properties in condensed matter.