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Clinical and Epidemiological Findings of Pediatric Onset Multiple Sclerosis in East-Azerbaijan, Iran; A

Ehsan Nasiri1,2, Amirreza Naseri1,2, Mahnaz Talebi2

  • 1Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
|August 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) affects 2.85% of MS cases, predominantly females, with prevalence increasing after age 15. Blurred vision is the most common initial symptom in POMS patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease.
  • Pediatric-onset MS (POMS) is defined as MS with onset before age 18.
  • Understanding POMS clinical and epidemiological aspects is crucial for early diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of POMS in East-Azerbaijan province.
  • To establish the prevalence and incidence of POMS in the studied region.
  • To identify common presenting symptoms and demographic factors in POMS.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based study utilizing data from the sole MS registry center in East-Azerbaijan province.
  • Inclusion of POMS patients diagnosed by McDonald's criteria by the end of 2017.
  • Data collection focused on demographic information, age of onset, family history, diagnostic delay, and initial clinical presentations.

Main Results:

  • POMS accounted for 2.85% of all MS cases (85 out of 2976).
  • The regional prevalence of POMS was 11.67 per 100,000, with a significantly higher prevalence in females (18.94 per 100,000) compared to males (4.80 per 100,000).
  • The mean age of onset was 15.81 years, with 71.76% diagnosed between 16-17 years old. Blurred vision was the most frequent initial symptom (43.75%).

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric-onset MS is not rare and predominantly affects females.
  • POMS prevalence rises notably after age 15.
  • Blurred vision is the typical first clinical manifestation of POMS.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenEpidemiologyIncidenceMultiple sclerosisPediatricPediatric-onset multiple sclerosisPrevalence.

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