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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

265
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
265
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

200
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
262
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

363
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
363
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

162
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
162

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Use of the Invertebrate Galleria mellonella as an Infection Model to Study the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex
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Animal models for COVID-19 and tuberculosis.

Björn Corleis1, Max Bastian2, Donata Hoffmann3

  • 1Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.

Frontiers in Immunology
|August 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reviews mammalian animal models for studying tuberculosis (TB) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It highlights diverse models, from rodents to livestock, advancing understanding of these critical respiratory infections.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2animal modelimmunologymycobacteriapathologyrespiratory infectiontuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Comparative Pathology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 are major global respiratory infections with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Both diseases affect the lungs, share immunopathogenesis, and require effective animal models for study.
  • Despite different causes (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, SARS-CoV-2), understanding shared and distinct disease mechanisms is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize and evaluate mammalian animal models used in experimental tuberculosis and COVID-19 research.
  • To discuss the suitability of various models, including rodents, non-human primates, and livestock.
  • To highlight advances in understanding disease pathophysiology and immune responses facilitated by these models.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of literature on animal models for TB and COVID-19.
  • Analysis of species-specific peculiarities and model utility for each infection.
  • Discussion of translational research potential and non-conventional models.

Main Results:

  • Diverse animal models, particularly rodents, are employed for TB and COVID-19 research, each with unique advantages.
  • Non-human primates offer value for translational studies, while livestock models present novel research avenues.
  • Animal models have significantly advanced the understanding of TB and COVID-19 pathophysiology and immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized animal models are essential for advancing research in pulmonary infectious diseases.
  • Cross-disciplinary insights between seemingly unrelated diseases like TB and COVID-19 can accelerate progress.
  • Further development and application of diverse experimental models are needed to combat global respiratory threats.