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Published on: June 30, 2019
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Animal models for COVID-19 and tuberculosis.
Björn Corleis1, Max Bastian2, Donata Hoffmann3
1Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Frontiers in Immunology
|August 28, 2023
Summary
This study reviews mammalian animal models for studying tuberculosis (TB) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It highlights diverse models, from rodents to livestock, advancing understanding of these critical respiratory infections.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
- Comparative Pathology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 are major global respiratory infections with significant morbidity and mortality.
- Both diseases affect the lungs, share immunopathogenesis, and require effective animal models for study.
- Despite different causes (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, SARS-CoV-2), understanding shared and distinct disease mechanisms is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize and evaluate mammalian animal models used in experimental tuberculosis and COVID-19 research.
- To discuss the suitability of various models, including rodents, non-human primates, and livestock.
- To highlight advances in understanding disease pathophysiology and immune responses facilitated by these models.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of literature on animal models for TB and COVID-19.
- Analysis of species-specific peculiarities and model utility for each infection.
- Discussion of translational research potential and non-conventional models.
Main Results:
- Diverse animal models, particularly rodents, are employed for TB and COVID-19 research, each with unique advantages.
- Non-human primates offer value for translational studies, while livestock models present novel research avenues.
- Animal models have significantly advanced the understanding of TB and COVID-19 pathophysiology and immune responses.
Conclusions:
- Optimized animal models are essential for advancing research in pulmonary infectious diseases.
- Cross-disciplinary insights between seemingly unrelated diseases like TB and COVID-19 can accelerate progress.
- Further development and application of diverse experimental models are needed to combat global respiratory threats.
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