Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...

Management of Insomnia

Management of Insomnia

The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...

Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Real-world use of Cenobamate in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy: A European multicenter retrospective study.

Epilepsia open·2026

Same author

Neonatal Epilepsy: Beyond Seizures in a Developing Brain-A Narrative Review.

Brain sciences·2026

Same author

Expanding the Phenotypic Spectrum of Raynaud-Claes Syndrome: A Rett-like Presentation with Two New Cases.

Genes·2026

Same author

Identifying a Safety Threshold for Parenteral Glucose Intake in the Early Acute Phase of Preterm Neonates.

Nutrients·2026

Same author

Transfer learning enhances clinical utility of polygenic scores with small, phenotypically refined cohorts.

Genome research·2026

Same author

Celiac disease as a model of gut-brain autoimmunity: from gluten exposure to neuropsychiatric manifestations.

Frontiers in pediatrics·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Pediatric hypnic headache: a systematic review.

Alessandro Ferretti¹, Margherita Velardi², Claudia Fanfoni¹

¹Pediatrics Unit, NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, S. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Frontiers in Neurology

|August 28, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hypnic headache (HH) is rare in children, presenting differently than in adults. This review highlights distinct pediatric features and suggests melatonin therapy may help manage this sleep-related headache.

Keywords:

child hypnic headache international classification of headache disorders 3rd edition melatonin primary headache sleep systematic review

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment

Published on: April 19, 2024

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)

Published on: February 7, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment

Published on: April 19, 2024

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)

Published on: February 7, 2025

Area of Science:

Neurology
Pediatrics
Sleep Medicine

Background:

Hypnic headache (HH) is a rare primary headache disorder, predominantly affecting adults, with poorly understood pediatric mechanisms.
This systematic review focuses on characterizing the clinical presentation of pediatric HH and comparing it to adult cases.

Approach:

A comprehensive systematic search identified and analyzed published case reports of HH in individuals under 18.
Data extraction and analysis followed a standardized protocol across major medical databases from 1988 to April 2023.

Key Points:

Seven pediatric HH cases revealed a mean age of onset at 10 years, with diagnostic delays averaging over 15 months.
Pediatric HH features throbbing pain, lower attack frequency, and shorter duration compared to adults' dull/pressure pain.
The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3) criteria demonstrated increased diagnostic sensitivity in children.

Conclusions:

Pediatric HH exhibits unique clinical characteristics distinct from adult presentations.
Further research and specific diagnostic criteria for pediatric HH are essential for improved diagnosis and management.
Melatonin prophylactic therapy is a potential treatment option for children diagnosed with hypnic headache.