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Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

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Intracranial embryonal neoplasm in an alpaca.

Alexandra Fielding1, Jillian Minuto1, Melissa Mazan1

  • 1Hospital for Large Animals, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA.

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc
|August 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A rare embryonal tumor was identified in an alpaca, originating from the vestibulocochlear nerve. This poorly differentiated neoplasm presented with neurological signs and was characterized by primitive cells and ependymal differentiation.

Keywords:
New World camelidscamelidsgerm cell and embryonalimmunohistochemistryneoplasms

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Comparative Oncology
  • Neuro-oncology

Background:

  • Alpacas can develop various neurological conditions.
  • Tumors affecting cranial nerves are uncommon in domestic animals.
  • Vestibulocochlear nerve neoplasms present diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a novel embryonal tumor affecting the vestibulocochlear nerve in an alpaca.
  • To provide a detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical description of the neoplasm.
  • To contribute to the understanding of rare tumors in camelids.

Main Methods:

  • Necropsy and histopathological examination of a deceased alpaca.
  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on tumor tissue.
  • Analysis of cellular morphology, mitotic activity, and stromal components.

Main Results:

  • A multiphasic primitive cell neoplasm was found involving the right vestibulocochlear nerve.
  • Histology revealed embryonal neuroepithelial and spindle cells with ependymal differentiation.
  • Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for vimentin, MAP2, PGP9.5, synaptophysin, and cytokeratin AE1/3.

Conclusions:

  • The tumor was diagnosed as a poorly differentiated embryonal tumor with ependymal differentiation.
  • This represents a rare cranial nerve neoplasm in an alpaca.
  • Further research is needed to understand the etiology and behavior of such tumors in camelids.