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Pattern visual evoked potential and foveal sensitivity in amblyopia.

Manisha Dahal¹, Hira Nath Dahal², Pragati Gautam²

¹B.P. Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal. mdahal776@gmail.com.

Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology

|August 28, 2023

Summary

Amblyopic eyes exhibit reduced pattern visual evoked potential (VEP) amplitudes and delayed peak times, correlating with foveal sensitivity. Foveal sensitivity may be a more effective diagnostic measure for amblyopia than VEP alone.

Keywords:

Anisometropic amblyopia Foveal sensitivity Pattern VEP Strabismic amblyopia Visual evoked potential

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neuroscience
Visual Science

Background:

Amblyopia, or "lazy eye," is characterized by reduced visual acuity and foveal sensitivity in one or both eyes.
Strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia are common forms, impacting visual development and function.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between foveal visual sensitivity and pattern visual evoked potentials (VEP) in individuals with strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia.
To compare VEP and foveal threshold measurements between amblyopic eyes, fellow eyes, and control eyes.

Main Methods:

Forty-five participants (7-28 years) with strabismic amblyopia (n=15), anisometropic amblyopia (n=15), and age-matched controls (n=15) were recruited.
Pattern visual evoked potentials (VEP) and foveal thresholds were recorded for each eye using standardized equipment.
Outcomes were statistically compared across amblyopic, fellow, and control eyes.

Main Results:

Amblyopic eyes demonstrated significantly lower foveal thresholds compared to fellow and control eyes.
Delayed P100 peak times and reduced N75-P100 amplitudes were observed in amblyopic eyes compared to fellow and control eyes.
Foveal threshold showed significant negative correlation with P100 peak time and positive correlation with N75-P100 amplitude.

Conclusions:

Amblyopic eyes exhibit characteristic VEP abnormalities, including reduced amplitudes and delayed peak times, which are associated with diminished foveal sensitivity.
While VEP measures show differences, there is significant overlap between amblyopic and control eyes, limiting its diagnostic specificity.
Foveal sensitivity appears to be a more robust indicator for discriminating amblyopia compared to pattern VEP measures.