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Changes in the gut microbiome can predict and decrease Epstein-Barr virus infection risk in children after liver

Xu Wang1, Liying Sun2, Peng Li1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.

Transplant Infectious Disease : an Official Journal of the Transplantation Society
|August 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Changes in gut bacteria may predict Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection risk in children post-liver transplant. Analyzing the gut microbiome could help reduce EBV-related complications by informing immunosuppressant dosage adjustments.

Keywords:
Epstein-Barr virus infectiongut microbiomeliver transplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Virology
  • Pediatric transplantation

Background:

  • Primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection affects 60% of children within a year of liver transplantation, often due to immunosuppressant use.
  • Identifying predictive markers for EBV infection is crucial for managing associated diseases and potentially adjusting immunosuppressant therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between gut microbiome composition and EBV infection status in pediatric liver transplant recipients.
  • To identify potential microbial biomarkers for predicting EBV infection risk.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze and compare the gut microbiome of EBV-infected and EBV-uninfected children post-liver transplantation.
  • Correlation analysis was performed between gut microbiome composition and immune cell markers (CD4 percentage).

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in gut microbiome composition were observed between EBV-infected and EBV-uninfected groups.
  • Increased levels of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus were noted in the EBV-infected group, whereas Clostridium was more abundant in the EBV-uninfected group.
  • A positive correlation was found between CD4 T cell percentage and Clostridium sp. CAG: 127 abundance in EBV-uninfected children.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbiome alterations can serve as predictive indicators for EBV infection risk in pediatric liver transplant recipients.
  • Modulating the gut microbiome may offer a strategy to mitigate EBV infection and its complications after liver transplantation.