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Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...

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Toward the Development of User-Centered Neurointegrated Lower Limb Prostheses.

F Barberi, E Anselmino, A Mazzoni

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    Despite advancements in lower-limb prostheses, current artificial limbs still lack the functionality of a natural limb. Future research aims to develop neurally-integrated prostheses that better meet user needs.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Prosthetics and Orthotics
    • Rehabilitation Technology

    Background:

    • Recent years have seen significant progress in lower-limb prosthesis technology.
    • Innovations aim to address limitations of earlier prosthetic designs.
    • Despite improvements, current prostheses do not fully replicate the capabilities of a biological limb.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current state of lower-limb prosthesis technology.
    • To identify deficiencies in prosthetic components relative to user requirements.
    • To outline research directions for enhancing prosthetic functionality and control.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of recent advancements in lower-limb prosthetics.
    • Analysis of existing prosthetic components and their limitations.
    • Identification of research gaps and future opportunities in design and control.

    Main Results:

    • Current lower-limb prostheses, while improved, exhibit notable deficiencies.
    • Key areas requiring enhancement include design, control systems, and user integration.
    • A significant gap persists between the performance of advanced prostheses and healthy limb function.

    Conclusions:

    • Further research is crucial to overcome the remaining limitations in lower-limb prostheses.
    • A roadmap is presented focusing on patient-centric issues for next-generation devices.
    • The ultimate goal is the development of highly functional, neurally-integrated lower limb prostheses.