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Do Bayley-III Composite Scores at 18-22 Months Corrected Age Predict Full-Scale IQ at 6-7 Years in Children Born

Jean Lowe1, Carla M Bann2, Allison G Dempsey3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|August 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Bayley-III cognitive and language scores in extremely preterm infants show mild correlation with later IQ. While useful for identifying at-risk children, these scores may misclassify those not delayed at school age.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Extremely preterm infants face risks for neurodevelopmental delays.
  • Early cognitive and language assessments are crucial for identifying at-risk children.
  • The Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III) is a common tool for assessing early development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictive ability of Bayley-III cognitive and language composite scores at 18-22 months corrected age for WISC-IV Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) at 6-7 years.
  • To determine if Bayley-III scores can accurately identify extremely preterm infants at risk for later cognitive deficits.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of extremely preterm infants (24-27 weeks gestational age) was studied.
  • Bayley-III cognitive and language scores were collected at 18-22 months corrected age.
  • WISC-IV FSIQ was assessed at 6-7 years. Scores were analyzed using Pearson correlations and linear mixed-effects regression, adjusting for medical and socioeconomic factors.

Main Results:

  • Bayley-III cognitive (r=0.33) and language (r=0.44) scores showed mild correlations with WISC-IV FSIQ.
  • Among children with Bayley-III cognitive scores <70, 67% had WISC-IV FSIQ <70.
  • A Bayley-III cognitive cut-off of 92 yielded sensitivity of 0.60 and specificity of 0.64; a language cut-off of 88 yielded sensitivity of 0.61 and specificity of 0.70.

Conclusions:

  • Bayley-III scores correlate with later IQ but may not reliably predict delay or accurately classify children without delay.
  • The Bayley-III is a valuable tool for identifying extremely preterm infants with below-average cognitive scores who may be at high risk for persistent cognitive difficulties.
  • Careful interpretation is needed, especially for children with scores in the average range, to avoid misclassification of cognitive status at school age.
Abstract

Keywords:
Neurodevelopmentprematurityschool-age outcomes

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