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Related Concept Videos

Quality Control01:05

Quality Control

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Quality control is one of the three cyclical quality assurance activities that help keep a system under statistical control. Typical quality control activities include creating quality control charts, conducting proficiency testing, and documenting and archiving results.
Quality control helps track data, visualize trends, and identify variations, making it easier to detect deviations that may affect the accuracy of an analysis. One way to do this is by generating a quality control chart, which...
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Aggregates Classification01:29

Aggregates Classification

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Aggregate classification is generally based on its size, petrographic characteristics, weight, and source. Size classification ranges from coarse to fine aggregates, defined by the size of the particles. Coarse aggregates are particles that do not pass through ASTM sieve No. 4, and aggregates that pass through the sieve are fine aggregates.
Petrographic classification groups aggregates based on common mineralogical characteristics. Some of the common mineral groups found in aggregates are...
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Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis00:58

Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis

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The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...
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Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building01:26

Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building

188
As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
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Quality Assurance01:19

Quality Assurance

155
Quality assurance is the overarching term used to describe the activities employed to ensure the proper performance of a system. These activities can be classified into three categories: quality control, quality assessment, and internal corrective measures. Typically, these activities work cyclically: quality control is performed before and during the analysis, while quality assessment occurs during and after the investigation. Internal corrective measures are implemented based on the findings...
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Types of Aggregate Grading01:15

Types of Aggregate Grading

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Aggregate grading is crucial in economically obtaining a concrete mix with adequate strength, reasonable workability, and minimal segregation. There are four types of aggregate gradation: well-graded, uniformly (or one-sized) graded, gap-graded, and open-graded.
Well-graded aggregates include a complete range of necessary size fractions that fit together to create a dense matrix with minimal voids, represented by a smooth, continuous gradation curve. This type of grading ensures good...
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Operational Framework to Quantify "Quality of Recycling" across Different Material Types.

Martijn Roosen1, Davide Tonini2, Paola Federica Albizzati3

  • 1Laboratory for Circular Process Engineering (LCPE), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.

Environmental Science & Technology
|August 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a framework to measure recycling quality, assessing virgin material substitution, in-use material lifespan, and environmental impact. Deposit-refund glass recycling shows the highest quality, while improved PET bottle collection could significantly boost recycling quality.

Keywords:
circular economydecision-makingrecyclingsecondary materialssubstitutability

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Circular Economy

Background:

  • Recycling targets are often set without clear quality metrics, hindering effective waste management.
  • A standardized method is needed to objectively assess the quality of recycling processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present an operational framework for quantifying the quality of recycling.
  • To establish a quantifiable metric for evaluating recycling performance beyond simple collection rates.

Main Methods:

  • The framework integrates three dimensions: Virgin Displacement Potential (VDP), In-Use Stocks Lifetime (IUSL), and Environmental Impact (EI).
  • Data are aggregated using a distance-to-target graph for comparative analysis.
  • Case studies on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and glass recycling are presented.

Main Results:

  • Deposit-refund system collected bottle and container glass achieved the highest recycling quality (distance-to-target: 1.05).
  • Closed-loop mechanical recycling of PET bottles demonstrated high quality (distance to optimal: 0.96).
  • Sensitivity analysis showed that increasing PET bottle collection rates could improve quality (distance-to-target: 0.75).

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework provides a robust method for assessing and comparing recycling quality.
  • Material-specific strategies, like deposit-refund systems for glass and closed-loop recycling for PET, are crucial for high-quality recycling.
  • Optimizing collection rates is a key factor in enhancing overall recycling quality and achieving sustainability goals.