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Combining systems thinking approaches and implementation science constructs within community-based prevention: a

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Few studies combine systems science and implementation science for population health interventions. Integrating these approaches can improve intervention effectiveness and sustain systemic change for better health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Systems Science
  • Implementation Science

Background:

  • Systems science and implementation science offer complementary approaches for designing and delivering population health interventions.
  • Integrating these disciplines can enhance intervention effectiveness and promote sustainable, system-level change.
  • Limited research exists on the combined application of systems thinking and implementation science in practice.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature search identified peer-reviewed studies from 2009-2021 combining systems methods for intervention design and implementation science constructs for delivery.
  • Studies focused on community-based population health interventions.
  • The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) assessed study quality.

Key Points:

  • The review identified 14 studies that integrated systems thinking and implementation science.
  • Commonly reported systems methods included 'whole of community systems approach' and 'community-based system dynamics'.
  • Nineteen distinct implementation science theories, frameworks, or models were utilized, with RE-AIM being the most frequent.

Conclusions:

  • Published research on the combined use of systems thinking and implementation science for population health interventions is scarce.
  • Further exploration of the synergies between these fields is warranted to optimize the implementation of systems approaches.
  • Enhanced integration can improve the design and delivery of interventions for greater impact.