Individual trigger factors for hemorrhagic stroke: Evidence from case-crossover and self-controlled case series...

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Epidemiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Hemorrhagic stroke (HS) presents a significant challenge due to high mortality and disability rates.
• Understanding individual triggers is crucial for developing effective HS prevention and intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically analyze individual triggers associated with hemorrhagic stroke (HS).
• To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of HS by identifying key trigger factors.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted across five databases up to December 2022.
• Included studies employed case-crossover or self-controlled case series designs.
• A descriptive summary and evidence synthesis were performed for identified HS triggers.

Main Results:

• Analysis of 39 studies identified 32 potential trigger categories for HS.
• Significant associations were found for anticoagulant medications, infections, vaccinations, physical exertion, cola consumption, sexual activity, nose blowing, defecation, and anger.
• No significant associations were observed between illicit drug use or cigarette smoking and HS onset.

Conclusions:

• Individual factors such as medications, infections, vaccinations, and specific behaviors can precipitate HS.
• Targeting behavioral triggers through direct control measures is a key preventive strategy.
• Personalized monitoring and therapies are recommended for high-risk populations to balance HS risk with underlying conditions.