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Updated: Jul 17, 2025

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Sas3-mediated histone acetylation regulates effector gene activation in a fungal plant pathogen

Marta Suarez-Fernandez1,2, Rocio Álvarez-Aragón1, Ana Pastor-Mediavilla1

  • 1Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Madrid, Spain.

Mbio
|August 29, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Histone acetylation regulates fungal pathogen effector genes. The lysine acetyltransferase Sas3 is crucial for activating these genes during wheat infection, impacting disease development.

Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Molecular biology
  • Fungal genetics

Background:

  • Pathogen infections rely on effector proteins for host colonization.
  • Effector gene expression is tightly regulated, often involving chromatin remodeling.
  • Histone acetylation is a key epigenetic mechanism influencing gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of histone acetylation in regulating effector gene activation in the fungal wheat pathogen *Zymoseptoria tritici*.
  • To identify specific lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) involved in effector gene regulation during infection.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of histone acetylation patterns at effector gene loci.
  • Gene expression analysis of effector genes in wild-type and mutant strains.
  • Phenotypic analysis of fungal mutants for disease development and reproductive structures.

Main Results:

  • Lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) are essential for the spatiotemporal regulation of effector genes.
  • The KAT Sas3 plays a role in leaf symptom development and pycnidia formation.
  • Sas3 directly controls histone acetylation at effector loci and regulates their activation during stomatal penetration.

Conclusions:

  • Histone acetylation is a critical regulator of effector gene expression in *Zymoseptoria tritici*.
  • Sas3-mediated histone acetylation is vital for activating effector genes during the early stages of wheat infection.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms like histone acetylation are key to understanding fungal-plant pathogen interactions.
Keywords:
Sas3Zymoseptoria triticichromatin remodelingeffector gene activationhistone acetylationwheat

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