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Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

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Improving the touchscreen-based food approach-avoidance task: remediated block-order effects and initial findings

Hannah van Alebeek^1,2, Sercan Kahveci^1,2, Jens Blechert^1,2

¹Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.

Open Research Europe

|August 30, 2023

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This study refined a touchscreen task to reliably measure approach biases toward foods, finding these biases correlate with eating behaviors like external eating and food cravings, enhancing dietary intention research.

Area of Science:

Psychology
Behavioral Science
Neuroscience

Background:

Approach biases towards food can explain discrepancies between dietary intentions and actual consumption.
Traditional approach-avoidance tasks (AAT) for assessing these biases often lack reliability and clear validity.
Previous research has developed a touchscreen-based hand-AAT using naturalistic movements.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance the reliability of the hand-AAT by increasing instruction switches to minimize order effects.
To re-examine the reliability of the hand-AAT in assessing approach biases to foods.
To investigate the validity of the hand-AAT by comparing its results with the Implicit Association Task (IAT) and self-reported eating behaviors.

Main Methods:

Participants completed a modified hand-AAT with an increased number of instruction switches.

Keywords:

approach-avoidance task external eating food implicit association task reliability touchscreen

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Approach biases to foods were assessed irrespective of instruction order.

Task validity was examined through correlations with the IAT and various self-reported eating behaviors (external eating, food craving, desire to eat).

Main Results:

Reliable approach biases to foods were consistently observed, regardless of the instruction order.
The hand-AAT's validity evidence was mixed; biases correlated positively with external eating, increased food craving, and aggregated image valence ratings.
No significant correlation was found between hand-AAT biases and desire to eat ratings or IAT results.

Conclusions:

The hand-AAT demonstrates reliable assessment of approach biases to foods.
These food approach biases are relevant to understanding self-reported eating patterns and behaviors.
Further research may be needed to fully elucidate the validity of the hand-AAT in relation to other implicit measures like the IAT.