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Sports Medicine Considerations When Caring for the Transgender Athlete
Madeline M McGovern1, Natalie A Lowenstein1, Elizabeth G Matzkin1
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract:
Orthopaedic surgeons and other orthopaedic care providers have expressed a desire to care for transgender patients but have a self-perceived knowledge deficit. Transgender athletes experience many psychosocial barriers to sport that are useful for clinicians to understand. Medical and surgical gender-affirming care can impact musculoskeletal physiology and pathophysiology. Transgender women (TW) have demonstrated an increased risk of insufficiency fractures and thromboembolism in patients receiving exogenous estrogen therapy. The impact of gender-affirming care on sex-based differences in athletic injuries is less well studied.
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