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Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
Published on: September 11, 2021
An inconvenient truth: Difficult problems rarely have easy solutions
1Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. croberto@pennmedicine.upenn.edu; https://peachlab.org/.
Abstract:
Individual-level interventions are often interesting and easy to implement, but are unfortunately ill-equipped to solve most major global problems (e.g., climate change, financial insecurity, unhealthy eating). Resources spent developing, pursuing, and touting relatively ineffective i-frame interventions draw resources away from the development and implementation of more effective s-frame solutions. Behavioral scientists who want to develop solutions to the world's biggest problems should focus their efforts on s-frame solutions.
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