Psychological torture: definitions, clinical sequelae and treatment principles

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Psychology
• Human Rights Law

Background:

• Psychological torture, defined as intentional suffering without physical violence ('no-touch' torture), lacks a precise, universally accepted definition.
• The increasing global conflicts and asylum seeking necessitate better clinical recognition and treatment for victims of psychological torture.

Purpose of the Study:

• To raise clinician awareness regarding the concept of psychological torture.
• To provide an overview of debated definitions, modalities, clinical sequelae, and treatment approaches for psychological torture.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and conceptual analysis of psychological torture.
• Discussion of various definitions and methods used in psychological torture.
• Examination of clinical outcomes and therapeutic interventions for victims.

Main Results:

• The article highlights the ambiguity in defining psychological torture, despite its recognized existence.
• It outlines diverse methods employed in psychological torture, emphasizing the absence of direct physical harm.
• Clinical sequelae and treatment strategies are discussed in relation to psychological trauma.

Conclusions:

• Enhanced clinical awareness and understanding of psychological torture are vital.
• Standardized definitions and treatment protocols are needed for effective victim support.
• Addressing psychological torture requires a multidisciplinary approach involving clinicians and legal experts.