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An orexigenic subnetwork within the human hippocampus.

Daniel A N Barbosa1, Sandra Gattas2, Juliana S Salgado3

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

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|August 30, 2023
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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified a human brain circuit linking the lateral hypothalamus and hippocampus involved in appetite control. This neural pathway is implicated in obesity and eating disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human physiology
  • Appetite regulation

Background:

  • The rodent hippocampus is implicated in orexigenic (appetite-stimulating) processing.
  • Lateral hypothalamic inputs, including neuropeptides like melanin-concentrating hormone, are thought to mediate this function.
  • The specific human neural circuits remain largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the orexigenic neural circuit involving the lateral hypothalamus and hippocampus in humans.
  • To investigate the functional and structural properties of this circuit.
  • To explore the circuit's association with eating behavior and body mass index.

Main Methods:

  • Multimodal approach combining tractography, intracranial electrophysiology, and cortico-subcortical evoked potentials.
  • 3D histology using brain-clearing techniques.
  • Analysis of a human cohort with dysregulated eating behavior.

Main Results:

  • Identified a specific orexigenic circuit connecting the lateral hypothalamus to a dorsolateral hippocampal subregion.
  • Observed modulation of low-frequency power by sweet-fat food cues, specific to the dorsolateral hippocampus.
  • Found inverse relationship between circuit connectivity and body mass index in individuals with eating disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Describes a novel orexigenic subnetwork within the human hippocampus.
  • This circuit is functionally modulated by food cues and structurally linked to obesity.
  • Provides insights into the neural basis of appetite dysregulation and eating disorders.