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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Metrology
  • Atomic Physics
  • Entanglement Engineering

Background:

  • Optical atomic clocks achieve high precision using controlled quantum states.
  • Current sensors are limited by the standard quantum limit for uncorrelated particles.
  • Overcoming this limit requires utilizing entangled particles, which is experimentally challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a method for harnessing large-scale entanglement in atomic systems.
  • To create a sensor that emulates features of the one-axis-twisting (OAT) model.
  • To show a pathway for achieving quantum advantage in real-world sensors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 1D chains of up to 51 ions with power-law decaying interactions.
  • Emulated the one-axis-twisting (OAT) model for scalable squeezing and entanglement generation.
  • Analyzed collective state properties including transverse magnetization and spin-wave excitations (SWE).

Main Results:

  • Generated spin squeezing comparable to OAT (-3.9 ± 0.3 dB for 12 ions).
  • Observed non-Gaussian states, specifically multi-headed cat states.
  • Reduced measurement uncertainty by -3.2 ± 0.5 dB below the standard quantum limit using 51 ions in a Ramsey-type interferometer.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated a scalable method for generating entanglement in ion chains.
  • The developed sensor shows potential for surpassing the standard quantum limit in metrology.
  • This work provides a pathway for realizing quantum advantage in practical quantum sensors.