Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

The presence of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing, or conjugating groups adjacent to a radical center, imparts electronic stabilization to the radicals. Examples of such electronically-stabilized radicals are triphenylmethyl, tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. These radicals are remarkably stable and are known as persistent radicals. Some of the persistent radicals can even be isolated and purified.
Along with electronic...

Properties of Transition Metals

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Operando Tracking of Atomic Hydrogen Dynamics and Lifetime Extension for Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electroreduction.

Environmental science & technology·2026

Same author

Stable Single-Pass Electrochemical Oxidation of Trace 1,4-Dioxane in Groundwater via Multistage Reactors with Current Pulsing.

ACS ES&T engineering·2026

Same author

Reconstruction and Dissolution of Copper Catalysts during Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction.

Environmental science & technology·2026

Same author

Three-Dimensional DNA Nanostructure-Assisted Multiplexed Aptamer Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Clusters.

ACS sensors·2026

Same author

Reaction Mechanism of Electrodeposited ε-MnO<sub>2</sub>: A Proton-Centered Pathway in Aqueous Zn-Ion Systems.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026

Same author

Ceramic Glazing to Enhance Stability and Selectivity of CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Catalyst for Wastewater Advanced Oxidation.

Environmental science & technology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

Palladium Single-Atom (In)Stability Under Aqueous Reductive Conditions.

Kali Rigby^1,2, Dahong Huang¹, Denis Leshchev³

¹Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States.

Environmental Science & Technology

|August 31, 2023

Summary

Single-atom palladium on titanium dioxide enhances 4-chlorophenol dechlorination. Transitioning to clusters boosts reaction speed while maintaining selectivity, highlighting the importance of catalyst stability.

Keywords:

cluster hydrodechlorination in situ XAS single-atom catalyst stability

More Related Videos

Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Published on: June 25, 2018

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Published on: July 30, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Published on: June 25, 2018

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Published on: July 30, 2017

Area of Science:

Catalysis
Materials Science
Environmental Chemistry

Background:

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) offer high efficiency but suffer from instability.
Palladium (Pd) single-atoms on titanium dioxide (TiO2) are explored for environmental remediation.
Understanding Pd SAC stability is crucial for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the stability and performance of single-atom Pd on TiO2 for 4-chlorophenol dechlorination.
To identify factors influencing Pd single-atom stability under reductive aqueous conditions.
To correlate catalyst transformation with dechlorination activity and selectivity.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of single-atom Pd on TiO2.
Evaluation of catalytic performance for 4-chlorophenol dechlorination.
In situ and ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) for dynamic structural analysis.
Assessment of factors like atomic dispersion, coordination, and substrate properties.

Main Results:

Single-atom Pd on TiO2 demonstrated stability under reductive aqueous conditions.
The transition from single atoms to amorphous clusters significantly enhanced dechlorination kinetics.
Catalyst transformation did not compromise carbon-chlorine bond selectivity.
Amorphous clusters featured unique unsaturated coordination and few-nanometer diameters.

Conclusions:

Catalyst stability is intrinsically linked to performance in dehalogenation reactions.
Dynamic transformation of single atoms to clusters can enhance catalytic activity.
Detailed characterization is vital to identify the true active species for reactions.
Optimized Pd/TiO2 systems show promise for efficient and selective environmental remediation.