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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

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Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
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Production of Formed Elements01:34

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Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Hematopoiesis: a BETter understanding.

Nirmalya Dasgupta1, Peter D Adams1

  • 1Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.

EMBO Reports
|August 31, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

BRD4 is vital for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation. Its absence causes HSCs and progenitor cells to age, impacting myeloid and erythroid development, suggesting BRD4 protects cell function.

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Hematopoiesis
  • Cellular senescence

Background:

  • Epigenetic modifications regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation.
  • The BET family protein BRD4 acts as a key epigenetic reader in this process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of BRD4 in HSC and hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) function and senescence.
  • To understand the impact of BRD4 absence on myeloid and erythroid development.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic manipulation to create BRD4-deficient HSCs and HPCs.
  • Analysis of gene expression patterns related to myeloid and erythroid lineages.
  • Assessment of cellular senescence markers.

Main Results:

  • Absence of BRD4 induces senescence in HSCs and HPCs.
  • BRD4 deficiency alters the expression of critical genes for myeloid and erythroid development.
  • BRD4 appears to play a protective role in maintaining histone tail integrity.

Conclusions:

  • BRD4 is essential for preventing senescence and maintaining the function of HSCs and HPCs.
  • BRD4's role in preserving histone tails is crucial for normal hematopoietic development.