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Utility of Precision Oncology Using Cancer Genomic Profiling for Head and Neck Malignancies

Mioko Matsuo1, Kazuki Hashimoto2, Ryunosuke Kogo2

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan matsuo.mioko.202@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp.

In Vivo (Athens, Greece)
|August 31, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Cancer genomic profiling (CGP) identified actionable mutations in most head and neck cancer patients. While CGP offers therapeutic options, oncologists must verify recommendations for optimal patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Precision Medicine

Background:

  • Individual patient cancer genomic profiling (CGP) is increasingly available for guiding cancer therapy.
  • Precision oncology, using CGP to tailor treatments, is an emerging but experimental approach.
  • The clinical utility of CGP in head and neck malignancies requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility and benefits of using CGP to guide treatment for malignant head and neck tumors.
  • To evaluate the genomic profiling and clinical outcomes of patients with head and neck malignancies who underwent CGP.
  • To determine the extent to which CGP has led to beneficial drug administration in head and neck cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CGP results, prognosis, and drug administration in 27 patients with head and neck malignancies.
  • Inclusion of patients who completed standard therapy, were expected to complete it, or had rare cancers lacking standard treatment options.

Main Results:

  • Actionable gene alterations were identified in 92.6% of patients, with a median of 4 alterations per patient.
  • While 81.5% of patients were recommended drugs in clinical trials, none could participate.
  • 11.1% of patients received approved drugs off-label based on CGP findings.
  • TP53 mutations were the most common abnormality (66.7%) and associated with poor prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • CGP is clinically valuable for expanding therapeutic options in head and neck cancers.
  • Recommended drugs based on CGP may not always be effective.
  • Oncologists must critically verify CGP recommendations to ensure optimal patient therapy.
Keywords:
Cancer genomic profilingTP53 mutationhead and neck malignanciesimmune checkpoint inhibitorprecision oncology

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