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Roles of salt‑inducible kinases in cancer (Review)

Shenghui Feng1, Fangyi Wei1, Haoran Shi1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Research Institute of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.

International Journal of Oncology
|September 1, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Salt inducible kinases (SIKs) play complex roles in cancer, with subtypes SIK1, SIK2, and SIK3 exhibiting dual functions. This review explores their clinical value and therapeutic potential in oncology.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Salt inducible kinases (SIKs), comprising SIK1, SIK2, and SIK3, are ubiquitous AMP‑activated protein kinase family members.
  • SIK1 regulates adrenocortical function, SIK2 impacts cell metabolism (insulin signaling, gluconeogenesis), and SIK3 promotes cancer via mTOR.
  • Dysregulation of SIKs is prevalent in various cancers, with SIK1 often acting as a tumor inhibitor and SIK2/SIK3 as promoters.

Approach:

  • Comprehensive review of existing literature on SIK functions in cancer initiation and progression.
  • Analysis of contradictory roles of SIKs, challenging simple oncogene/tumor suppressor classification.
  • Elucidation of clinical value and potential therapeutic strategies targeting SIKs.

Key Points:

  • SIKs exhibit context-dependent roles in tumorigenesis, not fitting simple oncogene or tumor suppressor paradigms.
  • SIK1's function can be tumor suppressive, while SIK2 and SIK3 are frequently oncogenic.
  • The precise roles of SIKs vary significantly across different cancer types.

Conclusions:

  • SIKs represent a complex family of kinases with significant implications in cancer.
  • Understanding the nuanced functions of SIK subtypes is crucial for developing targeted cancer therapies.
  • Further research into SIKs may unlock novel therapeutic strategies for various malignancies.
Keywords:
cancer treatmentsalt inducible kinasetumor inhibitortumor promotertumorigenesis

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